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Raja Yoga
Raja means "royal".
Raja Yoga is the path of Yoga that focuses on meditation and
contemplation. It is based on the Eight Limbs of Yoga which was discussed
in the Yoga Sutra. The Yoga Sutras are built on a foundation of Samkhya philosophy and the Bhagavad
Gita. In the Yoga Sutras, Maharshi Patanjali prescribes adherence to eight
"limbs" or steps (the sum of which constitute "Ashtanga Yoga"
This Yoga path teaches deep self respect through self mastery. The self
here is honored. Raja Yoga believes that the universe exists for the self,
giving the self an illusion of centrality which results to self respect
and respect for all creatures.
Ashtanga
Yoga
The
Eight Limbs of Raja Yoga
The eight "limbs"
or steps are Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayama, Pratyahara, Dharana, Dhyana
and Samadhi. Some yogis categorized these eight steps into two groups.
Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayama, and Pratyahara comprise the first group.
Dharana, Dhyana and Samadhi belong to second group, called Samyama.
This
categorization is because of no cognizance present among Dharana, Dhyana
and Samadhi.
Though there is
no cognizance
to Dharana, Dhyana and Samadh, they are independent of time and sequence.
The result is that they exist independently and also exist simultaneously.
Any one, two or three can exist at the same time. When the three stages
exist simultaneously then it is called Samyamah, the simultaneous
existence.
The Yoga of Patanjali is Ashtanga or comprised of 8
limbs,
Yama
Yama and Niyama, which are ethical obligations.
Niyama
Asana
Postures of the body.
Pranayama Control
of prana or vital breath.
Asana, Pranayama are breath control.
Pratyahara Pratyahara
is sense withdrawal.
Dharana
Dharana
is fixing the attention on a single
object; concentration.
Dhyana
Dhyana
is meditation.
Samadhi
Samadhi the experience of unity with God (Super-conscious
state or trance).
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